Motherhood and Addiction
Addiction affects people of all ages, all races, all genders, and all walks of life. The intersection of motherhood and addiction, specifically, introduces unique and formidable challenges to maternal and fetus health. It necessitates focused interventions that address the well-being of mothers and consider the profound and enduring effects on their children.
Between 2000 and 2014, there was a 26 percent overall increase in maternal mortality in the US, particularly due to an increase in substance abuse and overdose among pregnant and postpartum women. From 2007-2016, 7% of women giving birth in hospitals had a substance use diagnosis, and between 1999 and 2014, the prevalence of maternal opioid use disorder in the US quadrupled.
Women are most at risk for developing a substance use disorder during their reproductive years (ages 18-44). Many women who suffer from substance use disorders also suffer from mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety, which can further contribute to their substance abuse during pregnancy.
Effects of Substance Abuse During Pregnancy
Substance abuse during pregnancy can have many harmful effects on the fetus. These can include physical birth defects, developmental disorders, and possibly even increased risk for addiction later in life. Fortunately, we have treatment options that work to help women get sober and stay sober.
Substance Abuse Treatment During Pregnancy
Pregnancy is a strong motivator for women to seek treatment for substance use disorders. Women who seek treatment while pregnant for opioid use disorder and begin a program of medication-assisted treatment in combination with counseling and psychosocial support are usually able to maintain sobriety until delivery.
Pregnancy is a critical time in a woman’s life and may lead women to seek treatment for their mental health and substance use disorders. With our pregnancy program, Retreat Behavioral Health is uniquely positioned to treat these patients. We have a physician on staff who is double board certified in OB/GYN and Addiction Medicine and a psychiatrist with many years of experience in perinatal psychiatry.
About the Author
Kristi Dively, Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
Dr. Dively earned her medical degree from Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine. Following a residency in Obstetrics and Gynecology at Memorial Hospital in York, PA, she worked for five years at private practices in Phoenix, Arizona, and Lancaster, PA.. After a 4-year stint in a non-clinical role focused on Medicare compliance reviews, she returned to patient care, specializing in Addiction Medicine. Currently, she serves as the medical director at Retreat Behavioral Health in Ephrata, PA. Dr. Dively holds board certifications in OB/GYN and Addiction Medicine, and she is a fellow of the American College of Osteopathic Obstetricians and Gynecologists, as well as the American Osteopathic Academy of Addiction Medicine.
